Abstract
The purpose of the study: The purpose of this article is to comprehensively analyze the state of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Kazakhstan, identify the key problems faced by the subjects of this sector, and develop recommendations for improving the management and support of SMEs. The object of the study: Small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan. Research results: The following results were obtained during the study: 1. The structure of SMEs: in Kazakhstan, individual entrepreneurs account for 69% of the total number of entities, while small business entities account for 17.7%, farms — 13.1%, and medium—sized businesses - 0.1%. This demonstrates the significant predominance of individual entrepreneurship. 2. The share of active entities: the activity among registered SMEs is 91.4%, which is 0.8% higher than in the previous year. The highest activity is observed in Turkestan (97.6%), Ulytau (94.5%) and Almaty (95%) regions. 3. Employment in SMEs: SMEs provide employment for 44.3% of the economically active population of Kazakhstan. The largest share of the employed is observed in large cities such as Almaty and Astana. 4. Challenges and ways to improve: The main challenges include difficulties accessing finance, lack of information and government support, as well as high taxes and bureaucratic barriers. The recommendations include the introduction of modern management practices and training programs for entrepreneurs. Conclusions: The analysis highlights the need to create more favorable conditions for the functioning of SMEs in Kazakhstan, which includes improving infrastructure, access to finance and information support. This will contribute to the sustainable development of the sector. The article offers practical recommendations aimed at improving management in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is a key factor in the economic growth of Kazakhstan.