Abstract
The innovation component, one of the most important parts of which is human capital, is beginning to play a leading role in the modern conditions of economic development. This determines the research relevance of assessing its condition and opportunities for its development in different countries. The study aimed to analyse human capital in developed countries and to find opportunities for using their experience in Kazakhstan. Within the framework of the research, the possibilities of the Republic of Kazakhstan to increase its competitiveness in the international arena were assessed. The state of certain components of human capital in the country was also described, namely in the context of education and health care, and positive trends in these areas were noted. By analysing the experience of developed countries, ways to increase the level of human capital in the country were shown. Reforms should be aimed at improving the quality of education and making it more selective: in other words, it should become less accessible to increase its value. Concerning health care, the country should undertake reforms that would be aimed at developing insurance in the field to enable the provision of health care services to citizens. The study also showed that by implementing such reforms, the country can achieve significant positive results in human capital development in the long run. The work brings new knowledge for assessing the innovativeness of economic development, as well as finding new solutions and opportunities to improve the state of human capital in Kazakhstan