Abstract
Experts who study conflicts in Kazakhstan believe that local and foreign news outlets played a significant role in the construction of the social reality of these conflicts. This study identified the frames used to report news of the January 2022 riots in Kazakhstan. The study examined news reports from Kazakh, Russia, and British news sources to identify how news was framed, and how evidence was used. Twelve frames were identified, with a few that were unique to each medium. The use of evidence focused on official sources and was limited due to government control. The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.