Abstract
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint (КOA) is a common chronic joint disease that most often affects adults over the age of 60. Recent studies indicate its progressive nature, involving structural changes in various components of the joint, including articular cartilage, synovial membrane and ligaments. Globally, about 250 million people suffer from КOA, with the incidence of КOA increasing due to asymptomatic cases, obesity and other factors. Women are more likely to be affected by this disease than men. OA is becoming one of the main causes of disability in the world, accounting for 85% of the burden of КOA. Approximately 10% of people over the age of 60 suffer from КOA, which leads to movement restrictionsThe purpose of the review is to highlight recent studies on imaging and current treatments for КOA, as well as an analysis of the prevalence of this disease.Due to the severity of the process and the pain syndrome, non-surgical methods are often insufficient. Joint replacement is an important method of treatment at the terminal stage. However, other methods, such as corticosteroid injections, hyaluronic acid and the use of cells, can slow the progression of the disease. Timely diagnosis plays a key role, given that КOA can be asymptomatic in the early stages. It is important to take into account the symptoms, clinical data and results of various imaging techniques for effective disease management.Keywords: osteoarthritis of the knee joint, diagnosis of osteoarthritis, treatment of osteoarthritis, total endoprosthesis, mesenchymal stem cells.Corresponding author: Meruert Zhakeeva, Assistant of the Department of Internal Diseases with courses in nephrology, hematology, allergology and immunology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.