Ecological and technological aspects of breeding Karakul sheep in the arid zone of Kazakhstan

A. Ombayev, Zharylkasyn Kuzembayuly, Zh.A. Parzhanov, Zh. Sh. Yussupbayev

2024

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DOI 10.1063/5.0189484
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Rational and efficient use of pastures in desert and semidesert zones is an important part of implementing sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Kazakhstan.In this context, special attention should be given to effective Karakul sheep breeding in the country.Undoubtedly, when talking about desert animal husbandry, it should be noted that the deserts themselves are the main environmental problem, namely, the process of desertification, as a result of which nature loses a huge number of plant and animal species.The main problem with deserts and semideserts is the spread of soil erosion.This article presents the results of research on the technological aspects of the breeding of the Karakul breed of sheep in this vast ecological zone of Kazakhstan.Technological aspects of the production of astrakhan products have been developed (the use of pastures with different shifts and the normalized feeding of pregnant, suckling and idle females according to the seasons of the year), providing an increase in the productivity of ewes (live weight, wool shearing, milkiness) and improving the quality of the resulting offspring (live weight and body measurements of lambs at birth, flock productivity and classiness of lambs).A technology has been developed for rearing young karakul sheep with varying degrees of growth and development during the milk period and a system for the full-fledged feeding of young animals during critical periods of their rearing, which ensure the production of well-developed animals with high productivity.The developed technological methods for the production of astrakhan products allow the use of desert pastures in accordance with their fodder capacity for the seasons of the year, improving the ecological state, and contributing to the conservation and restoration of fodder productivity of pasture areas around settlements.The developed technology for rearing young Karakul sheep in various critical seasons of their rearing makes it possible to compensate for the retardation of lambs in growth and development during the milk period and to grow proportionally developed animals with high productivity in adulthood.