THE UNIQUENESS THAT IS THE CITY SITE OF BOZOK IN THE STEPPES OF SARYARKA: A HISTORY OF ITS RESEARCH AND INTERPRETATION

Proceedings in Archaeology and History of Ancient and Medieval Black Sea Region, 2023

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DOI 10.53737/2198.2023.26.16.017
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Статья излагает историю открытия и исследований уникального археологического памятника степного Казахстана. Городище Бозок расположено на западной окраине г. Астаны, в болотистой пойме левого берега р. Ишим, на высоком восточном берегу оз. Бузукты, и датируется VII (VIII) — XVI вв. Открытие и первые годы исследования памятника связаны с именем известного казахстанского археолога К.А. Акишева. Последующие работы велись под руководством М.К. Хабдулиной. В пространственной организации и составе объектов памятника выделяются четыре части. Древнейшая часть — три квадратные площадки, обнесённые валами и окопанные рвами. Севернее площадок находится комплекс жилищ-землянок, южнее — некрополь с развалинами мавзолея и мусульманскими погребениями XIII—XVI вв. С востока и севера к руинам городища примыкает агроирригационная система. На протяжении длительного периода функционирования городище использовалось не столько как жилое пространство, сколько как особый сакральный центр степной части Евразии. The article provides an overview of research history of the unique archaeological site, which is the fortified settlement of Bozok in the steppe part of Kazakhstan. The city site is located at the western outskirts of Astana, in a swampy floodplain of the Ishim River’s left bank, on the high eastern shore of the lake Buzukty. It dates back to the 7th (8th) — 16th century. Its discovery and the early years of research are associated with the name of the famous Kazakh archaeologist Kemal A. Akishev. Later, research works at the settlement were carried out by Maral K. Khabdulina as a supervisor. There are four parts in the spatial arrangement of objects of the site. The oldest part is three square-shaped platforms surrounded by ditches and ramparts. To the north of these, there is a complex of dugout dwellings. To the south of the central platforms, there is a necropolis consisting of the ruins of a mausoleum and a series of Muslim burials of the 13th — 16th century. An agro-irrigation system adjoins the ruins of the settlement from the east and north. For a long period of its functioning, the settlement was used not so much as a space for living, but as a special sacred center of the steppe part of Eurasia.