Abstract
This literature review delves into innovative approaches in the realm of neural system bioengineering and their therapeutic implications. The authors address the interplay of contemporary bioengineering strategies, such as 3D bioprinting and biomaterial utilization, in the context of analyzing intricate neurological disorders and cellular interactions. The article presents an overview of precise treatment methodologies employing engineered exosomes capable of delivering therapeutic payloads to specific intracellular locations. The authors explore the prospects of applying engineered exosomes in personalized medicine and their integration with biomaterials and organoids for enhanced efficacy in treating neurological conditions. A pivotal question in neurological bioengineering pertains to overcoming the blood-brain barrier. The article scrutinizes the paradigm of antibody transcytosis, enabling the targeted delivery of therapeutic antibodies to sites of brain pathology. The authors also raise considerations about the role of nanoparticles and biomaterials within this context. Additionally, the paper provides an appraisal of biomaterials capable of mimicking brain tissue architecture and promoting tissue regeneration. The authors also discuss the evolution of brain organoid technology and its contributions to disease investigation and the formulation of therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, the article encapsulates the current status of neurological bioengineering, emphasizing the significance of precise therapeutic modalities and the interplay of biomaterials and technological innovations. Research findings delineate avenues for the development of innovative treatment approaches for neurological disorders and the more effective incorporation of bioengineering in medical practice.