Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the research conducted on the chemical constituents and biological characteristics of Plantago major, Plantaginaceae. Methods: A comprehensive search of scientific databases, including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Researchgate and other online collections were extensively utilized. For efficient re-trieval, specific keywords like “Plantaginaceae”, “Plantago major bio-active compounds ”, “Plantago major. phyto-chemicals”, “Plantago major L. pharmacological activities”, and “Plantago major’’ traditional uses”. Results: The medicinal benefits of herbal plants are recognized worldwide, and numerous scientific studies have been conducted to validate their effectiveness. Additionally, the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms in recent years has prompted researchers to investigate the effects of medicinal plants on these pathogens. Plantago major one a such plant the healing properties have been acknowledged worldwide for numerous years. This particular plant contains various potent chemical compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, fatty acids, polysaccharides, vitamins, phenolic acid derivatives, and iridoid glycosides. These constituents contribute to its therapeutic effects and its wide range of medicinal qualities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-ulcer properties. The main objective of this review is to highlight the potential use of Plantago major extracts as herbal remedies and explore their extensive therapeutic capabilities. Conclusion: Plantago major plays a significant role in the treatment of various diseases and specific health conditions, including diarrhoea, ulcers, bacterial infections, inflammation, and cancer. Research has demonstrated that this plant contains multiple classes of essential bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, fatty acids, vitamins, iridoid glycosides, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds like caffeic acid. The therapeutic properties and biological activity of Plantago major are largely attributed to these active chemical components. However, further research is needed to fully understand the precise mechanisms and activities of the primary bioactive compounds responsible for treating specific diseases.