Abstract
This article examines the environmental and public health consequences of nuclear tests conducted at the Semipalatinsk test site. The study addresses radiation emissions, changes in ecosystems, and the impact on biodiversity. The level of radioactive contamination in soil and water bodies is discussed, along with morbidity statistics among the local population, including rising rates of cancer and congenital anomalies. The results of contemporary research evaluating the current state of the environment and proposing rehabilitation measures for affected areas are also analyzed. Furthermore, the article highlights international initiatives and projects aimed at mitigating the effects of nuclear testing and restoring ecosystems. The authors stress the importance of ongoing environmental monitoring and the development of rehabilitation strategies. In conclusion, the significance of an integrated approach to analyzing the consequences of nuclear tests is emphasized, with a focus on ensuring sustainable development and safeguarding the health of future generations.