Abstract
Multi-herbal formulation is an attractive approach to developing novel therapeutic strategies to manage advanced forms of melanoma. This research aims to evaluate the anti-melanoma potential of Traditional Multi-Herbal (G4) Extracts sourced from Mongolian Ethnomedicine utilizing both cellular and xenograft models. In vitro and ex vivo experiments employing B16F10 melanoma cells were conducted to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of the G4 extract. Furthermore, in vivo experiments utilizing BALB/C nu/nu mice xenograft models were carried out to gauge the extract's effectiveness. A comprehensive analysis encompassing various assays, such as cell viability, migration and invasion assays, cellular phase analysis, and key indicators of apoptosis, was performed. These indicators included activation of the caspase-3 cascade, genomic DNA fragmentation, nuclear staining alterations, and levels of cell cycle and apoptotic regulatory markers analysis. Our Results showed that the G4 extract exhibited potent anti-cancer effects on B16F10 melanoma cells, notably inhibiting cell migration and vascular sprouting in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting its potential to impede melanoma metastasis. This investigation underscores the promising anti-cancer potential of the G4 extract against melanoma cells through the modulation of apoptotic pathways and suppression of tumor xenograft growth. Ultimately, our findings suggest that the G4 extract holds promise as a candidate for the development of future melanoma chemotherapeutics.