Abstract
Abstract This article presents the results of changes in the activity of potato antioxidant enzymes during infection with the PVS virus. As a result of the research, it was found that the formation of callus to obtain microclones is more efficient when using leaf explants, compared with stem explants in all studied varieties. The article presents that varieties with different susceptibility have different enzymatic activity, which can serve as a marker trait when ranking potatoes in breeding. Interestingly, in potato microclones, the activity of POX, CAT and SOD upon infection was significantly higher compared to the control. At the same time, the greatest differences in the physiological response were noted in the activity of POX in a microclone obtained from a potato variety resistant to viruses, and, on the contrary, a decrease in activity was noted in a microclone from a susceptible variety. However, microclones of the susceptible variety showed higher CAT activity than other genotypes. The highest SOD activity was noted in microclones of resistant potato varieties compared to other genotypes. Our data show that the virus can cause changes in the spectrum of antioxidant enzymes, which was characterized by the appearance of additional isoforms in microclones of Khozyayushka and Alena cultivars, which indicated the formation of more stable protection in these accessions.