Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of climatic conditions on phenological observations, yield components and biochemical characteristics of grape varieties grown on sierozem soil of Turkestan region, Southern Kazakhstan. A total of 13 different medium and late grape ripening varieties known, loved and widely used by the local people for many years in cultivation were chosen. The phenological observations (date of budding and removable maturity date of grape) yield components (yield of grape, weight of bunch of grape, number of bunch of grapes, as well as productivity) and the biochemical characteristics (titratable acidity, glucoacidimetric index, glucose content, fructose content) of grape varieties were evaluated in three seasons (2018-2020). During the vegetation period, date of budding and removable maturity date observations were made and recorded as day/month. As a result of the study, differences were found among local genotypes in terms of phenological stages. On the average of years, the earliest date of budding was recorded on 21 March with Children’s early and the latest date of budding was observed on 02 April Moldova and Victory. The highest yield and productivity were obtained from varieties Husayn kelin barmak and Chocolate grape varieties. Titratable acidity range was between 5 g/L – 8g/L, in average of years, the highest titratable acidity in late ripening grape varieties was found in Victory (7.3 g/L) while Moldova (6.0 g/L) had the lowest. Titratable acidity of Husayn kelin barmak (7.3 g/L) was determined also higher than the medium ripening grape varieties while Guzal Kara had the lowest, only 5.3 g/L. Glucose and fructose contents were determined as 8.58% and 11.04 in different grape varieties, respectively.