Assessment of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of a Biocomposite Based on Nanocellulose in Vitro

Madina Rashova, Zhanerke T. Amirkhanova, Saule B. Akhmetova, Berik Tuleubayev, Dinara Turebekova, Аmina Koshanova, Vladimir Anatol'evich Vinokurov

Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan, 2025

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DOI 10.23950/jcmk/16328
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Introduction: Biomaterials which used in the treatment of osteomyelitis, should not only fill in bone defects, but also be a “tool” for local delivery of antibiotics. The bone substitute is the biomaterial of human, animal, plant or synthetic genesis, implanted into the body to restore and strengthen bone substance. The creation of the latest nanocompositional materials today is the main direction of the development of science and technology. Nanocellulose (NC) and biocomposits based on it became one of the most promising “green” materials due to its unique properties. Our hypothesis: nanocellulose-based biocomposites with added antibiotics show antimicrobial effectiveness in vitro. Methods: For preclinical testing, three samples of the NC were provided: nanofibrillar, nanocrystalline, microfibrillar nanocellulose. The microbiological purity was studied, the minimum-inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic, and the study of the antibacterial and antifungicide effect of biocomposite samples by the method of museum tests of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Candida Albicans ( ATCC 10231) by measuring the diameter of the growth retardation zone. Results: Biocomposites based on nanocellulose, saturated with antibiotics, demonstrate high antibacterial and antifungicidal potential. Further experimental studies are required by their ability to uniform and slow controlled release of the active substance, along with the effective suppression of the growth of microorganisms and a prolonged effect, which would allow them to be considered as an effective local transport system. In the future, it is planned to implant biocomposites with an antibiotic in the treatment of osteomyelitis in vivo.