Abstract
This research offers an advanced numerical simulation utilizing the finite element technique to study in detail the dynamic behavior of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades. The 3D Finite Element model developed is intended to comprehensively examine the interactions among different operating conditions, such as material type and thickness, that impact the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the NREL offshore wind turbine blade (5 MW). This investigation involved an intensive examination of four distinct blade thickness values (20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm and 50 mm), in conjunction with an assessment of how each material (Composite, Titanium Alloy, Aluminium 2024 and Aluminium alloy) affects dynamic response. Notably, the study revealed that blade thickness emerged as a prominent factor affecting wind blade dynamics, with natural frequency increases of over 15% observed as blade thickness varied. These findings provide crucial insight into the complex behavior of wind turbine blades and can pave the way towards optimized designs and improved performances of wind energy systems.