Social Networks and Entrepreneurships – Does Personal Networks Matters?

2022

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DOI 10.17576/pengurusan-2022-64-07
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Institutional and social network are several major research traditions in the business and management areas. This paper examines the role of owner/managers’ social network on entrepreneurship initiatives and the underlying socio-cultural factors promoting or impeding SME development in Kazakhstan. A semi-structured interviews were carried-out with thirteen SME owners/managers in Almaty Kazakhstan. It is found that personal networks in general social networks have significant implications on a variety of entrepreneurial activities. SMEs still need to utilize their personal social networks to substitute for formal institutions. Normative institutional elements such as legal and moral are still major factors driving entrepreneurial activities but still lagging behind regulative and cognitive institutional transformation. Business ties and networking ability may mitigate the necessity for external financing. One of the major implication in this study is the need for SME owners/managers to build personal networks and to keep and maintain this network with their peers as well as the government not only for extra information but even for the sustainability of their business. To do this, SME owners/managers need to be regularly in contact with their peers and government officials, offering helps when needed, collaborate on projects, share their goals, get connected on social media and also joining networking events. Keywords: Social networks; entrepreneurship; institutions; business ties; small and medium enterprises ABSTRAK Institusi dan jaringan sosial merupakan beberapa topik penyelidikan tradisional yang utama dalam perniagaan dan pengurusan. Kajian ini bertujuan meneliti peranan jaringan sosial pemilik/pengurus dalam inisiatif keusahawanan. Temubual separa berstruktur telah dijalankan bersama dengan tiga belas pemilik/pengurus Industri kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) di Almaty Kazakhstan. Kajian mendapati bahawa jaringan peribadi secara amnya jaringan sosial mempunyai implikasi yang signifikan dalam pelbagai aktiviti keusahawanan. IKS masih memerlukan kemahiran jaringan peribadi sosial dalam institusi yang formal. Elemen normal institusi seperti kesahan dan moral masih merupakan faktor utama yang menpengaruhi aktiviti keusahawanan tetapi masih ketinggalan di belakang berbanding transformasi institusi pengawalseliaan dan kognitif. Hubungan perniagaan dan kebolehan membuat jaringan mungkin dapat mengurangkan kepada keperluan IKS untuk mendapatkan pembiayaian luar. Salah satu implikasi utama dalam kajian ini adalah keperluan bagi pemilik/pengurus IKS untuk membina jaringan peribadi, menjaga serta mengekalkan jaringan ini dengan rakan sebaya mereka dan juga kerajaan bukan sahaja untuk maklumat tambahan tetapi juga untuk kelestarian perniagaan mereka. Bagi melakukan ini, pemilik/pengurus IKS perlu sentiasa berhubung dengan rakan sebaya dan pegawai kerajaan mereka, menawarkan bantuan apabila diperlukan, bekerjasama dalam projek, berkongsi matlamat mereka, berhubung di media sosial dan juga menyertai acara jaringan. Katakunci: Jaringan sosial; keusahawanan; institusi; hubungan perniagaan; industri kecil sederhana.