Abstract
This research addresses the escalating issue of pasture land productivity decline in Northern Kazakhstan, attributed largely to anthropogenic impacts and misuse.One of the factors in improving the conditions and productivity of degraded pastures is tillage techniques.The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of different tillage methods on enhancing soil conditions and boosting the productivity of degraded pastures.The study was conducted on the leached chernozem soils of degraded pastures at the Zhaysan farm in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan.Two broad tillage approaches were compared: surface (disk and rotary tillage) and root (moldboard and sweep plowing), combined with the sowing of alfalfa (Medicago L.) and brome (Bromus L) grass mixtures.Superior results were obtained through the application of moldboard plowing at depths of 25-27 cm, accompanied by double disk and double rotary tillage at depths of 10-12 and 14-16 cm.Analyses revealed an optimal soil density of 0.96-1.00g/cm 3 for the leached chernozem soil, along with a high content of productive moisture (37.7-75.8%)within the 0-100 cm soil layer.Higher quantities of nitrate nitrogen, ranging from 2.11-2.75g/100 g of soil, were detected in the upper soil horizons (0-30 cm).Moldboard plowing at 25-27 cm against the background of double disk tillage and double rotary tillage at 10-12 and 14-16 cm increased the yield of the dry mass of alfalfa and brome mixture to 29.9-32.4c/ha, which is more than the variant without tillage by 16.2-18.7c/ha.The findings suggest that a combination of moldboard plowing and two-fold rotary tillage effectively improves soil conditions and increases pasture land productivity in Northern Kazakhstan.