Abstract
The paper considers the environmental and technological aspects of acid treatment of serpentinite waste from mining and processing of chrysotile asbestos.A study of the quantitative interaction of chrysotile-asbestos and sulfuric acid, taken in molar ratios of sulfuric acid and magnesium, relative to its content in the composition of chrysotile.Based on experimental data, it is shown that when chrysotileasbestos is dissolved in solutions of sulfuric acid, various stoichiometrically necessary amounts of it are taken in relation to the amount of Mg in chrysotilepri ratios up to Mg:H2SO4=1:0.3, the extracted amount of magnesium in the solution corresponds to the equivalent amount of sulfuric acid in the solution.When the ratio (mol) Mg:H2SO4=1:1, the amount of free H + ions in the solution is 30-35%.It is assumed that when interacting, the destruction of the molecular structure of chrysotile by H + ions occurs in stages in a layerby-layer way.At the same time, a sufficiently dense amorphous layer of polysilic acid is formed on the surface of chrysotile fibers, which leads to changes in its physical and chemical properties, including biological and carcinogenic activity.Maximum dissolution of chrysotile asbestos by mass is achieved when using the concentration of H2SO4=0.7 stoichiometrically required amount.