Abstract
Abstract The quality of seed potatoes is a critical determinant of crop productivity and food security. In Kazakhstan, where domestic production satisfies approximately 70% of national demand, a structural analysis of officially approved varieties is essential for the strategic planning of the seed sector. This study presents a descriptive analysis of the 2024 edition of the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Republic of Kazakhstan, covering 151 potato varieties (registration numbers 1171-1321). Data on intended use, maturity group, regions of cultivation approval, country of origin, and year of registration were extracted and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed in R version 4.3 using frequency analysis, cross-tabulation, and trend smoothing techniques. Table potato varieties predominate in the State Register, accounting for 78.8% of all registered entries, whereas dual-purpose varieties represent 19.1% and processing varieties intended for chip production account for only 1.3%. Early- and medium-early-maturing groups comprise 57.6% of the register. Domestic breeders contribute 35.1% of the registered varieties, followed by breeders from the Kingdom of the Netherlands (24.3%), Germany (19.6%), and Russia (15.2%). The regional distribution of varieties is uneven: the Almaty Region has the largest number of approved varieties (n = 76), whereas the newly established regions of Abay, Zhetisu, and Ulytau are not yet adequately represented in the register. The current structure of the potato varietal portfolio reflects a strong orientation toward the fresh market and adaptation to short growing seasons, while varieties suitable for industrial processing remain largely absent. To reduce dependence on imports and promote the development of the domestic potato-processing industry, the expansion of the portfolio of varieties suitable for industrial applications, including chip and French fry production, is recommended. In addition, strengthening the seed potato certification system based on the experience of leading potato-producing countries and implementing rapid multiplication technologies are important priorities.