Abstract
Background.Many introduced forage species adapt well to changing natural environments, including those from the genusAconogonon L. The species is Aconogonum (Polygonum) divaricatum L. Nakai ex T. Morihas been successfully introduced into feed production in Northern Kazakhstan, which is an important area. Purpose.To increase seed productivity and improve seed characteristics of Aconogonum d. (L.) fruits between varieties with different shapes. Methods and materials.The study material includes the fruits of Aconogonum (Polygonum) divaricatum L. Nakai ex T. Mori of two varieties: 1. triangular-shaped fruits - control, dimensions: 3 * 5, the weight of 1000 fruits is 12.2-13.8 g, the yield is 0.5 t / ha. 2. round-shaped fruits formed by the method of natural cross-pollination of the fruits of the Chaglinsky variety. Fruit dimensions: 5 * 5, the weight of 1000 fruits is 12.2-13.8 g. The fruit yield is 0.7 t / ha. Research methods: the morphological and productive properties of fruits were taken into account, such as their size, mm; weight of 1000 fruits, g; fruit yield, t/ha. Observations were made on the dynamics of fruit ripening and the identification of seed categories. The records in the experiment were carried out according to the methodological guidelines for field experiments with forage crops (Moscow: VIK, 1983). Results.Fruit ripening in the round variety occurs faster than in the triangular variety. At wax ripeness, the ratio is 45 to 28, while at full ripeness, the ratio is 72 to 43, a 1.6-fold increase. Overall, the control variety produces more fruits in its inflorescences - 276. Among the productive elements, bud formation is actively developing - 123 fruits, followed by flower formation - 50 fruits. The round variety produced fewer ripe fruits - 234 fruits and the generative process increases from bud formation (27 fruits) to fully formed fruits (58 fruits). A comparative assessment between the varieties showed that more puny fruits were formed in triangular-shaped inflorescences - 7.2% to 3% in rounded-shaped inflorescences. Conclusion.The size, weight, and number of fruits in each inflorescence have a direct effect on fruit yield. In a variety with rounded fruits with the following indicators: 5 * 5 mm; 14 g, 96.2%, the fruit yield was 0.9 t/ha, which is higher than in the control variant (respectively, 3*5 mm, 11 g, 90.7%) with the fruit yield of 0.7 t/ha. It is recommended to cultivateAconogonum divaricatum (L.) Nakai ex T. Moriwith round fruits, characterized by stable seed productivity with large-sized fruits for mass seed propagation in order to produce different types of feed.