The Risk Factors for Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Melahat Yılmaz, Gül Ruhsar YILMAZ, Onur Kaya, Füsun Zeynep Akçam, Esra Nurlu Temel, Onur Ünal, Emel Sesli Çetin

2026

Full text Open access: Gold Metadata (CSL-JSON)
DOI 10.5578/flora.2026011593
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Introduction: Identifying risk factors associated with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections is crucial for developing effective infection control strategies.However, previous studies have reported inconsistent and sometimes conflicting results, making it challenging to establish a clear and practical approach.This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. Materials and Methods:A total of 164 patients with infections caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae or carbapenemresistant E. coli were retrospectively analyzed.The control group consisted of 220 patients hospitalized during the same period in whom no carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were detected. Results: Multivariate analysis in patients with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae infections identified intensive care unit (ICU) admission, prolonged ICU stay, higher Acute Physiology Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, prior carbapenem use, and the presence of a central venous catheter as independent risk factors for infection. Among patients with carbapenem-resistant E. coli infections, prolonged ICU stay and a history of abdominal surgery were found to be significantly associated with infection in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion: Given that infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, identifying modifiable risk factors and implementing targeted infection control measures are essential.These risk factors may vary across patient populations and should be addressed accordingly.