White Francois Langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) persists in a karst nature reserve by avoiding social discrimination and predation risk

2026

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DOI 10.22541/authorea.15010455/v1
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

The albino mutation is generally not favored by natural selection owing to increase predation risk from higher detectability, mortality linked to health defects, or breeding failure resulting from altered recognition cues. However, empirical evidence testing these hypotheses remains scarce. We investigated the microhabitat preference and social interactions of a white colored female François langur and compared to her black conspecifics by means of scan sampling. Across 4,908 five minute interval scans, the white individual was recorded in 76.61% of them. Both the white female and her black conspecifics showed a similar hierarchical preference for microhabitat use: OP(open position)>PHP(partial hide position)>HP(hide position), nevertheless, she preferred OP significantly less, and PHP and HP more than the black females in same group. This shift in her microhabitat use strategy likely reflects a behavioral adjustment to offset her increased detectability, which arises from her altered body color. Within the group, she received 69.7% of all grooming interactions from black members, and similar grooming duration. The result of grooming suggests the white mutant was well accepted and faced no social discrimination within this primate group.