MSC-Derived EV Biogenesis, Cargo, and Mechanisms of Action

Nadiar Maratovich Mussin, Amin Tamadon

2026

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DOI 10.1007/978-3-032-36437-1_4
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

This chapter explores the biogenesis, molecular cargo, and mechanisms of action of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles. It outlines key pathways involved in EV formation, including ESCRT-dependent and ESCRT-independent mechanisms, and examines how cellular state influences EV composition. Functional cargo, including proteins, lipids, and RNAs, is linked to therapeutic effects such as immunomodulation and tissue repair. Challenges related to cargo heterogeneity, uptake mechanisms, and in vivo biodistribution are also discussed.