Abstract
Abstract This study investigates the effect of O,O-diethyl-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-(1-ethynylcyclohexylaminomethyl)phosphonate (BA-3) on seed germination, plant growth, and yield of agricultural crops, including carrot, beetroot, and potato. The results indicate that seed germination increased by 14.0% and 27.0% at BA-3 concentrations of 0.002% and 0.0002%, respectively, compared to the control. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that treatment with BA-3 (0.0002% solution) enhanced germination energy by 16.0% and 22.0%, respectively. The reference standard HAU (0.06%) improved germination energy by 13.0% and overall germination by 12.0%. In addition, treatment of potato tubers with BA-3 resulted in a significant increase in the number of awakened buds, by 43.0% at 0.002% and 53.0% at 0.0002%, relative to the control. Field trials showed that the application of BA-3 at a concentration of 0.002% increased carrot yield by 4.0 t/ha (18.2%), while at 0.0002% the increase reached 4.8 t/ha (21.8%). For beetroot, treatment with BA-3 at 0.0002% led to a yield increase of 5.8 t/ha (22.3%) compared to the control. Similarly, potato yield increased by 3.6 t/ha (15.9%) at 0.002% and by 6.8 t/ha (30.0%) at 0.0002%. Overall, the obtained results demonstrate that BA-3 effectively stimulates plant growth and development, leading to improved productivity and enhanced agronomic performance of the studied crops.