A Spatiotemporal Forecasting Method for Radar-Derived Ore Buildup Indices in an Industrial Bin Using 64-Beam Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave Measurements

Engineered Science, 2026

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DOI 10.30919/es2566
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

This study develops an online spatiotemporal method for estimating and short-term forecasting radar-derived ore buildup indices in an industrial bin using 64-beam frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) measurements.The investigation was conducted at an operating bin of the Nurkazgan mining and processing complex, Republic of Kazakhstan, using a 64-channel measurement archive acquired on 11-12 April 2026.The spatial state of the material was assessed