MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF MARES OF THE ADAY BREED AND LOCAL KAZAKH HORSES

Макпал Каргаева, А. Dzhunisov, Kudiyarov Rahim, Gulshad Makhambetovna Zhumagaliyeva

2026

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DOI 10.52081/bkaku.2026.v78.i3.376
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Productive horse breeding has always been in high demand across all regions of Kazakhstan. Dairy horse breeding is considered a traditional branch of productive livestock farming. The aim of this study was to determine the milk production performance and chemical composition of milk from local Kazakh mares and mares of the Aday breed. The study established that the mares used in the experiment were representative of their respective breeds. Local Kazakh mares had a slightly lower height at the withers (135.5 cm) than Aday mares (139.2 cm), but had a more elongated body (145.7 cm), a larger chest girth (169.9 cm), and a slightly higher live body weight (385.2 kg) compared with Aday mares. Aday mares were characterized by a riding-horse type of conformation, whereas local Kazakh horses tended toward a meat-and-dairy type. Nevertheless, Aday horses can also be successfully used for productive purposes. It was established that over 105 days of lactation, the milk yield of local Kazakh mares amounted to 1,617.0 L, compared with 1,413.0 L in Aday mares, while the marketable milk yield was 674.1 and 590.1 L, respectively. Thus, the milk yield of local Kazakh mares exceeded that of Aday mares by 14.2%, or 84.0 L. The milk production index, calculated per 100 kg of live body weight, was also higher in local Kazakh mares, reaching 420 kg. The uniformity of milk secretion in mares of both groups was assessed based on average daily milk yields. The highest average daily milk yields were recorded during the second month of lactation, ranging from 13.78 to 15.65 L, and during the third month, ranging from 14.42 to 17.30 L. By the fifth and final month of lactation, the average daily milk yield decreased to 10.16–10.52 L. These findings indicate that the lactation curves of mares in both groups were relatively uniform, with a gradual decline in milk yield over the course of lactation. Thus, under the conditions of seasonal milking at Taushyk LLP, the use of local Kazakh mares with a meat-and-dairy production type, rather than Aday horses of a riding type, makes it possible to substantially increase the milk production performance of dairy mares.