Abstract
Relevance: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common oncological diseases in women and ranks fourth among all types of malignant neoplasms worldwide. The incidence of BC continues to rise steadily – about 1.3 million new cases are diagnosed worldwide each year. BC has a high frequency of bone metastasis. According to several studies, about 48% of bone metastases in breast cancer are osteolytic, 13% are osteoblastic, and 38% are mixed. The lumbar and thoracic regions of the spine are most frequently affected (in 59% and 57% of cases, respectively). The next most common sites are the pelvic bones (49%), ribs (30%), femurs (24%), skull bones (20%), cervical spine (17%), and humerus (13%). The study aimed to examine the impact of prognostic factors on survival in patients with metastatic spinal lesions due to breast cancer. Materials and methods: In this retrospective single-center study, the medical records of 35 patients at the Multidisciplinary Medical Center (Astana, Kazakhstan) were reviewed. Results: The multimodal approach included systemic and local treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This treatment temporarily helped maintain patient quality of life (QoL). However, the decline in QoL observed on the Karnofsky/EGOG scale over 6–12 months indicated the need to add symptomatic treatment, which enhances the effectiveness of comprehensive treatment and helps gradually improve QoL. Conclusion: The morphological characteristics of the primary lesion, resistance to therapy, local extent, and the presence of severe pain syndrome play an important role in predicting the survival rate and quality of life of patients receiving local treatment for breast cancer with metastatic spinal involvement.