Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the influence of plant growth regulators on the formation of elements of productivity, oil content and seed quality of various varieties of winter rapeseed in areas of insufficient and unstable moisture in Kabardino-Balkaria. The goal was to develop separate techniques for the cultivation of winter rapeseed, contributing to an increase in plant productivity in 2024–2025. The existing methods for determining the productivity and quality of the products were used. Regardless of the variety and cultivation zone, plant growth regulators significantly affected the productivity of winter rapeseed. They contributed to the strengthening of growth processes, increasing the yield and oil content of seeds of the studied varieties. The formation of elements of productivity of winter rapeseed plants in conditions of unstable and insufficient moisture was also influenced by the density of plants. In those experimental variants where the plant density was 1 million per hectare, the number and weight of seeds per plant averaged 320 pieces and 1.5 grams, respectively, and at a density of 500 thousand/ha – 560 pieces and 3.2 g. The oil content in the seeds should be especially noted, depending on the density of the plants. In those variants where the number of plants per hectare was 500 thousand, the seed weight and oil content are expressed by the best indicators due to plant productivity. That is, on thinned crops, each plant individually developed better, receiving more nutrients and moisture than in thickened crops. The yield and oil yield per unit area are 5–8% higher in sparse crops than in thickened crops, this is observed for all rapeseed varieties in the growing areas.