Abstract
Abstract This article discusses the development and experimental evaluation of a two-component biosystem for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility. The proposed system includes a combination of degradative microorganisms and an organomineral biocomponent that improve the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The study aims to reduce the level of toxic pollutants, increase soil biological activity, and restore agrochemical parameters necessary for sustainable land management. During pilot trials on prepared model soils before introducing the biosystem, control and experimental groups were established and Phaseolus vulgaris growth rates, changes in phytotoxicity levels, microbiological activity, and soil fertility indicators were assessed. The results demonstrate the high effectiveness of the developed two-component biosystem approach: a reduction in pollutant concentrations, i.e., an improvement in soil structure, and the most pronounced changes in pH were observed with AKKU-36 + P. fluorescens + P. putida +. It was found that pH values in the Epin-Extra variant changed within the range of 6.04–5.80, demonstrating a synergistic effect. The introduction of the two bacteria together with AKKU-36 and, if necessary, Epin-Extra demonstrated an increased ability to support maximum plant growth. The bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida effectively degraded organic pollutants (DDT, Aktara); the seeds in the control variant did not germinate at all, while the other variants showed their bioindices at their level, which confirms their bioremediation activity. The proposed two-component biosystem can be considered a promising, environmentally friendly method for restoring disturbed lands, suitable for use in agriculture and for the environmental rehabilitation of areas affected by anthropogenic impacts.