All preferences are stored on your device.
2015
It is built from checkable properties of the record itself: whether the article has a DOI, how many independent sources confirmed its data, whether the required fields are filled in, and how recent the latest confirmation is. Disagreement between sources and a missing identifier lower it. A value of 80 or above means the record was published without further checking; 60 to 79 means it is published at reduced confidence, with a manual check advisable. A record verified by an editor by hand is never pushed below 90 by a recalculation. This scores our data about the article, not the article itself.
We use data from the Kazakhstan Labor Force Survey (KLFS) for the period 2006-2011 to examine causal factors that determine informal self-employment. In addition, the paper expands the analysis to consider gender differences in informality and examines the response of informality propensities to the recent global crisis. Our decomposition analysis shows that education, work hours and tenure in self-employment are particularly important determinants of business formalisation.