Abstract
The article examines the determination of the influence of pH of the environment and salts of heavy metals on changes in the color of flavonoid pigments in various flowering plants. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to bioindication methods for assessing environmental pollution. Bioindication is the assessment of the quality of the habitat and its individual characteristics based on the state of biota in natural conditions. To account for changes in the environment under the influence of anthropogenic factors, lists of indicator organisms—bioindicators—are compiled. In our research, the following flowering plants were studied: red rose, white rose, and cornflower (field cornflower). The article provides a biological characterization of these plants and presents their natural climatic conditions of growth. Under normal natural conditions, each flower and fruit plant has its own coloration according to specific plant pigments of the flavonoid group. Flavonoids are natural colorants responsible for the bright coloration of flowers and fruits; under harmful external influences, their color begins to change, which makes it possible to determine the cause of environmental pollution. The studies were conducted under laboratory conditions by the teaching staff of the educational program “Industrial Ecology.” To study the influence of anthropogenic factors on color changes in flavonoid groups present in all flowering plants, artificial conditions of negative impact were created. Thus, the application of bioindication methods for assessing environmental pollution is an effective approach for protecting and restoring the quality composition of environmental components.