Abstract
Agricultural land is of particular importance for Kazakhstan, as its use directly affects the development of the agricultural sector and the sustainability of rural areas. In recent years, issues related to the circulation of agricultural land have increasingly become the subject of public discussion. This is due both to the concentration of land resources and to the growing need for greater transparency in land-related decision-making. One of the key instruments for improving transparency in this sphere is public control. Its importance is increasing as society demands broader access to information on the allocation, use, and redistribution of agricultural land. Public concern regarding the insufficient transparency of land-related decisions continues to affect the level of trust in public authorities. The article examines selected issues of the legal regulation of agricultural land circulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with particular attention paid to the mechanisms of public control. The study proposes a model of public control consisting of preliminary, current, and subsequent stages. Particular attention is also given to the review of major land transactions, mechanisms aimed at preventing excessive land concentration, and the use of digital monitoring tools. For comparative purposes, the experience of France, Germany, and New Zealand is analysed. The legal frameworks of these countries demonstrate more developed mechanisms of preliminary control over agricultural land circulation, including procedures for the prior approval of land transactions. Based on the analysis of national legislation and international experience, the authors propose specific legal mechanisms for improving public control in the sphere of agricultural land circulation in Kazakhstan. The proposed measures may contribute to enhancing the transparency of land governance, ensuring a balance between public and private interests, and strengthening the legal framework for the rational use and protection of agricultural land. One of the ways to improve transparency in this sphere is public control. Its importance is growing in conditions where society expects broader access to information on the allocation and use of land plots. The article examines certain issues of legal regulation of agricultural land turnover in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of public control. The authors also propose a model of control that includes preliminary, current, and subsequent stages. In addition, the study analyzes issues related to the review of major land transactions, the limitation of excessive land concentration, and the use of digital monitoring tools. For comparative analysis, the experience of France, Germany, and New Zealand was examined. The study of foreign practice shows that these countries have more developed preventive and public-law mechanisms for controlling agricultural land turnover. According to the authors, the proposed measures may increase the transparency of the land market, ensure a balance between private and public interests, and strengthen the legal foundations for the rational use and protection of agricultural land.