Abstract
Modern spacecraft control systems must ensure high reliability, security, and efficiency, especially as satellite fleets grow and operations become more complex. This article examines the application of blockchain technologies in spacecraft control systems, using the case of Kazakhstan’s communication satellites KazSat-2 and KazSat-3. We build on recent developments that unified satellite control via SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and OPC UA (Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture) to propose a novel blockchain-based architecture. The proposed approach leverages a private blockchain network to distribute and secure telemetry and command data among control centers, enhancing fault tolerance and data integrity. Smart contracts are introduced to automate operational workflows, such as command authorization and anomaly response, thereby reducing the load on human operators. The integration of blockchain with existing SCADA/OPC UA systems is discussed in detail, highlighting how it can address current challenges such as vendor lock-in, data silos, and single points of failure while improving the overall resilience and scalability of spacecraft control. The results indicate that a blockchainaugmented control system can significantly improve reliability, security, and autonomy in satellite operations, laying a foundation for the next generation of space mission control infrastructures