Abstract
In the conditions of a growing water scarcity, comprehensive state monitoring of irrigated lands is of particular importance. The study is based on data from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the South Kazakhstan Hydrogeological and Meliorative Expedition. The aim of the work is to assess the current state of the land in the Turkistan Region, analyze the dynamics of groundwater levels and mineralization, and identify the causes of soil degradation. The monitoring covers an area of over 550 thousand ha and includes the systematization of data from laboratory studies and hydrogeological observations. The results of the work substantiate recommendations for the restoration of drainage systems and the optimization of water use. The conclusions formed contribute to the sustainable development of the agrarian sector and the enhancement of the region’s food security in the conditions of climate change.