Grapho-analytical optimization of ore drawing parameters from barrier pillars with field preparation in inclined deposits under caving conditions

D. K. Bekbergenov, Raissa Zhanakova, M.N. Omiralin, Samal Assylkhanova

2026

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DOI 10.51301/ejsu.2026.i2.05
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

This article presents the results of a grapho-analytical study aimed at optimizing technological parameters for ore drawing from barrier pillars (BP) in inclined ore deposits under caving conditions. The extraction of reserves remaining within barrier pillars is one of the most challenging tasks in underground mining, as it requires a balance between maximizing ore recovery and maintaining the geomechanical stability of the surrounding rock mass. Particular attention is paid to substantiating the rational spatial position of drill-haulage drifts (DDW) during field preparation in caving zones. The research methodology is based on geometric and grapho-analytical modeling of ore drawing processes under various mining and geological conditions. The study considers ore body thicknesses ranging from 6 to 12 m and dip angles from 15° to 51°. Several variants of left-asymmetric displacement of the DDW axis relative to the central axis of the barrier pillar were analyzed to determine their influence on ore recovery efficiency, ore losses, dilution, and the stress-strain state (SSS) of the surrounding rock mass. The results show that displacement of the DDW axis significantly affects both extraction performance and geomechanical safety. The rational displacement interval was found to be 1.5-2.0 m in the direction of the ore body dip. Further displacement leads to deterioration of the stress-strain state of the host rocks, reduction of the protective rock layer between the drift roof and the stoping floor, and the need for additional deepening of mine workings. Such modifications increase development volumes in waste rock and, consequently, mining costs. The effectiveness of asymmetric drift placement is most pronounced in deposits with dip angles up to 30°, whereas for steeper ore bodies with dip angles of 40-51°, its practical significance decreases due to the predominance of gravity-controlled ore flow. The obtained results provide a scientific basis for improving mining layouts and can be used in the design of underground mining systems to enhance ore recovery, reduce losses and dilution, and ensure geomechanical stability during the extraction of reserves from barrier pillars.