Abstract
The regulating of a structure and a pores volume of activated carbons by mechanical, chemical and thermal activations of agricultural wastes, such as apricot kernel shells were studied. The mechanical activation was provided in the grinding mill, in the aqueous medium. The chemical activation was implemented by treatment with sulfuric, hydrochloric, phosphoric acids at the concentrations of 5%–40% and by zinc chloride at the penetration coefficients of 0.1÷0.6. The thermal activation was effected in carbon dioxide atmosphere at the temperatures of 300÷100 ??. It was researched an influence of acid concentration, ZnCl2 coefficient of impregnating, CO2 temperature per volume of micro-, meso- and macropores. Activated carbons have arranged porous structures in the following line: processed by ZnCl2 and CO2 > processed by ZnCl2 > processed by H2SO4 > processed by H3PO4. For the samples are treated by ZnCl2 and subsequent CO2, the activation optimal parameters are following: temperature of CO2 =500 ??; the penetration coefficient = 0.4.