“Second-Class Citizens”: Legislative Practices Restricting Voting Rights in the Kazakh Autonomous Republic during the 1924–1927 Election

2026

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DOI 10.1134/s1019331626602318
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Abstract This article is about the policy and practice of restrictions on the electoral system in the Kazakh Autonomous Republic during the election campaigns for the Soviets in 1924, 1925/1926, and 1926/1927. The aim of the study is to identify the groups of people who were denied voting rights and to track changes in their numbers. To study the electoral system and discriminatory practices, normative and administrative acts of the Union, Russian and Republican Central Electoral Commissions were used, as well as statistics and reports of the Kazakh Autonomous Republic’s commissions at various levels on those deprived of their rights. The documents are stored in the archives of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study of the institution of disenfranchisement focuses on national and regional characteristics and presents quantitative data on disenfranchised persons in Kazakhstan as a whole and in individual provinces, cities, and districts. The conclusion is made that the authorities of the autonomy were interested in increasing the number of persons deprived of their voting rights, which allowed them to take control of the electoral process and begin Sovietization.