Root and Canal Morphology of the Mandibular First Premolar in a Kazakh Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Tulegenova Indira Maratovna, Maira Kopbayeva

2026

DOI 10.62268/add.1966708

Data confidence 70 medium

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Abstract

ObjectivesUnderstanding the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars (M1Ps) is critical for effective endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and morphological variations of M1Ps in a retrospective sample from a Kazakh population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material and MethodsA total of 600 M1Ps from 300 patients were analyzed using CBCT. Root number, canal configurations according to the Vertucci and Ahmed classifications, C-shaped canal morphology, radicular grooves, taurodontism, bilateral symmetry, and demographic variables were evaluated.ResultsThe majority of M1Ps exhibited a single root (93%), with 2-rooted teeth identified in 7% of cases; no 3-rooted forms were observed. Vertucci’s Type I (1-1) configuration was the most prevalent (72-74%), followed by Type V (1-2) in approximately 20% of cases, while Types II, III, and IV were rare (