Politikal Decisions of the First All Kazakh Congress and Ies Role in the Sovietization of the Kazakh Aul (1925)

Nurpeisova Bakyt

2026

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DOI 10.11648/j.hss.20261404.12
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

The subject of this study is the political decisions of the First All-Kazakh Congress (Council) of 1925 and their impact on the organization and transformation of the Kazakh aul under the conditions of the formation of Soviet statehood. The aim of the research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the political decisions of 1925, to determine their historical significance, and to assess the extent of their influence on traditional forms of aul organization. The methodological framework of the study is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, and systemic analysis. Comparative-historical, problem-chronological, and structural-functional methods were employed, enabling the Council’s decisions to be examined within the broader context of central policies and regional specificities. This article analyzes the political decisions adopted at the First All-Kazakh Congress of 1925 and their role in integrating Kazakh rural society into the Soviet administrative system. Drawing on archival materials from the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the study explores the socio-political context of the Congress, national cadre policy, administrative-territorial reforms, local budgets, and the institutionalization of rural soviets. The adopted resolutions marked a transition from zhuz-based governance to a territorial-economic administrative model. The findings indicate that the decisions of 1925 were aimed at unifying the system of governance and gradually transforming traditional institutions. The planned reforms contributed to the redistribution of power, strengthened structural control, and laid the groundwork for subsequent socio-economic transformations. At the same time, contradictions were revealed between the proclaimed principles of self-government and the actual centralization of power. It is concluded that the political decisions of 1925 played a key role in the modernization of Kazakh society, while simultaneously limiting traditional forms of social organization.