Abstract
Abstract Reproductive efficiency is a critical factor determining the productivity and economic sustainability of dairy and beef cattle systems. Under the environmental, management, and feeding conditions of the West Kazakhstan region, postpartum reproductive disorders remain a significant veterinary challenge. This study presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of reproductive health in cattle, with emphasis on the prevalence and structure of major gynecological disorders and the applicability of diagnostic approaches under regional production conditions. The investigation was based on clinical, gynecological, rectal, ultrasonographic, and laboratory examinations, including biochemical and hormonal analyses. Endometritis, ovarian hypofunction, and follicular cysts were identified as the most frequently diagnosed reproductive pathologies and were associated with impaired reproductive performance. The findings demonstrate that early detection combined with targeted therapeutic and preventive interventions contributes to improved reproductive efficiency and reduced economic losses in cattle herds. The results may be used to support the development of regionally adapted veterinary strategies aimed at improving reproductive health and overall productivity of cattle in Western Kazakhstan.