Abstract
Background. Bile duct injury remains one of the most severe complications of cholecystectomy, particularly in the laparoscopic era, and is associated with substantial morbidity, impaired quality of life, and the need for complex reconstructive procedures. Materials and Methods. A literature review was conducted using PubMed and relevant English- and Russian-language sources. Studies with very small sample sizes (e.g., case reports and small case series) were excluded. Results. Early recognition of bile duct injury, prompt imaging assessment, and timely referral to a specialized hepatopancreatobiliary center are key determinants of successful management. Minor injuries are often effectively treated using minimally invasive approaches, including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous drainage. Major injuries typically require delayed or definitive surgical reconstruction, most commonly Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. In selected complex cases, liver resection or liver transplantation may be required. Conclusion. Management of bile duct injury should be individualized according to the type and timing of injury. Minimally invasive techniques are the preferred first-line approach when feasible, while complex injuries require multidisciplinary management in specialized centers to improve long-term outcomes.