Abstract
The article analyzes the physicochemical properties and particle-size distribution of dark brown soils in the Khromtau region. The study areas included territories adjacent to the Don Mining and Processing Plant, areas near waste heaps (terricones), and agricultural lands used for crop cultivation. Soil samples were collected from different genetic depth horizons. The following parameters were determined: soil bulk density, humus content, total and mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, soil solution reaction (pH), the total content and ionic composition of water-soluble salts, as well as the particle-size distribution of the soils. The soil reaction was found to be weakly alkaline to alkaline (pH 7.6–8.5), while the salinity level remained low, indicating non-saline conditions. Particle-size analysis revealed a progressive increase in the proportion of fine fractions (fine silt and clay) in deeper soil layers, which negatively affects the soil moisture-aeration regime through compaction. The obtained results establish a solid baseline to develop scientifically based recommendations for the rational and sustainable use of soils and land resources in the region.