Abstract
Relevance. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of interconnected metabolic abnormalities characterized by central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose metabolism. One important but under-studied factor influencing the development and severity of metabolic syndrome is mineral metabolism, including calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels. An imbalance of these minerals can disrupt insulin sensitivity, promote inflammatory processes, and affect lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Objective. To summarize and critically evaluate current evidence on the relationship between mineral metabolism (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D) and the clinical and metabolic manifestations of metabolic syndrome in adults. Materials and methods. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The review primarily included studies published between January 2018 and March 2026, while earlier landmark publications were included when necessary to provide physiological background. Нәтижелері. Әдебиеттерді талдау минералдық алмасу бұзылыстарының метаболизмдік синдромның дамуы және оның клиникалық-метаболикалық көріністерімен тығыз байланысты екенін көрсетті. Ең сенімді деректер магний тапшылығына, сондай-ақ кальций, фосфор, паратиреоидты гормон және D витамині алмасуының бұзылыстарына қатысты алынды, олар инсулинге төзімділікпен және басқа да метаболикалық бұзылыстармен байланысты болды. Conclusions. The literature review confirms that mineral metabolism disorders, including serum calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels, are closely related to the clinical and metabolic manifestations of metabolic syndrome.