Abstract
Currently, there is a pronounced trend towards the intensification of the use of non-wood plant raw materials, including agricultural by-products, as an alternative base for the production of cellulose. The relevance of this area is related to the tasks of rational use of natural resources and increasing the efficiency of processing processes. A wide range of industrial applications characterizes the cellulose produced: It is used as a thickening component, filler, film-forming agent, and enterosorbent, which indicates its high functional value and significant application potential. The article discusses the possibility of using agricultural waste from Kazakhstan as a raw material for the production of cellulose, which is widely used as a filler in the pharmaceutical, food, and perfume industries, as a stabilizer in water-based latex paints and emulsions, and as a sorbent for chromatography and purification. The article describes the steps involved in the preparation of cellulose from wheat straw, including extraction with aqueous-organic solvents and the delignification of the plant material. The work also includes a study of the ash content and moisture content of the initial plant raw materials and the resulting cellulose samples. These parameters significantly affect the quality of the material and can vary depending on the type of raw material used and the method of cellulose production. Using IR spectroscopy, a comparative analysis of the functional composition was conducted, and the indices and degree of crystallinity were determined, along with the technical characteristics of the resulting cellulose samples.