Abstract
The article examines the technology of cultivating perennial grasses within crop rotation systems and their role in improving soil fertility. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to biological or ecological farming. This concept links agriculture with ecology, combining traditional, time-tested principles with modern scientific knowledge. As a result, agricultural enterprises become an integral part of the ecosystem, where nature assists the farmer rather than requiring protection from human-induced errors. In our research, perennial grasses were introduced into a five-field crop rotation system. The article provides a description of sowings of a mixture of perennial grasses consisting of crested wheatgrass, sainfoin, and alfalfa, which enable farmers to prepare high-quality and nutritious hay for the winter period. At the end of the grazing season, autumn cold sets in. During this period, livestock are returned to enclosures, where feeding is carried out using stored hay. Thus, the application of crop rotation technologies with perennial grasses has significant agricultural and ecological importance: on the one hand, harvesting hay from perennial grasses ensures feed with a high nutritional value ranging from 0.46 to 0.56 feed units; on the other hand, perennial grasses serve as an effective biological method for protecting and restoring soil fertility.