Abstract
Human capital, including knowledge, skills and experience, is crucial for economic growth and reducing income disparities between countries. Unlike physical capital, it is easier to accumulate and develop, which makes it a unique growth factor. This article examines the central role of human capital in shaping a new model of economic growth in which knowledge, skills, and health increasingly drive productivity and innovation. As the economy transitions from a resource-based to a knowledge-based model, human capital becomes a prerequisite for competitiveness and long-term development. The study analyzes the impact of human capital on economic growth, identifies barriers to its development, and suggests strategies for its improvement. Using a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative research, the study also evaluates existing policies to improve human capital development and offers evidence- based recommendations.