Abstract
Modern education increasingly emphasizes the importance of scientific literacy, including the ability of learners to navigate risk and uncertainty. Despite the relevance of radioecological topics, they remain underrepresented in school curricula. This article explores the challenges of integrating radiation-related subjects into the educational process – from the lack of teaching resources and insufficient teacher preparation to heightened anxiety among students. The article examines pedagogical barriers affecting perception and instructional quality and presents modern educational approaches that facilitate the incorporation of this topic into the learning system. The review offers a foundation for rethinking strategies for teaching safety culture amid global challenges. Special attention is given to an interdisciplinary approach, project-based activities, and the use of digital resources that enable the development of sustainable knowledge, critical thinking, and a responsible attitude toward issues of radiation safety, environmental risks, and personal protection, as well as increasing learners’ trust in scientific information and expert decisions under conditions of uncertainty, modern threats, social responsibility, the educational environment, schools, society, the state, sustainable development, science, technology, communication, dialogue, cooperation, and awareness.