Abstract
This article investigates the influence of oil volume in the lubrication system of internal combustion engines (ICE), specifically KAMAZ-740 and KAMAZ-EURO models, on the technical condition of the engine and the rate of oil aging. The relevance of the study is driven by the fact that in modern boosted engines, the increase in power is not accompanied by a proportional increase in the lubrication system volume, leading to thermal degradation of the oil and a reduction in service life. Based on heat balance and the laws of chemical kinetics (Van't Hoff rule and Arrhenius equation), an inversely proportional relationship between oil temperature and its volume is established. The authors analyzed the limit values of the oil level in the crankcase and proposed mathematical models for thermal wear processes during oil deficiency and foaming during oil excess. As a result of the study, exponential functions describing the intensity of wear and aging were derived, along with methods for their approximation by a second-degree polynomial for practical application. Furthermore, the impact of the oil top-up regime on operational efficiency is considered. According to experimental data, regular oil topups (every 1000 km) allow extending the oil change interval to 16-20 thousand km. The article concludes with findings on predicting the resource of the engine's cylinder-piston group based on changes in lubrication system pressure and oil consumption for combustion (burn-off).