Abstract
The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Education” defines the main task of the education system as creating conditions for the formation and professional development of личности based on national and universal values, as well as the achievements of science and practice. This includes the introduction of new educational technologies, informatization, and access to global communication networks [1]. The primary goal of modern education is to develop a well-rounded, adaptable, highly moral, and competitive individual. Achieving this requires training teachers equipped with modern scientific and methodological knowledge to foster creativity and effective learning. The transition to updated educational content reflects a new stage in the development of the education system. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical, methodological, psychological and pedagogical foundations of students' professional orientation, to determine the level of its study in domestic and foreign studies, as well as to reveal the essence of the profession concept in the context of modern updated educational content and requirements for the training of teaching staff. This article analyzes the level of research on vocational guidance of students in domestic and foreign studies and examines the pedagogical and psychological essence of the concept of profession. The nature and extent of research into student career guidance are determined by the current state of pedagogical, scientific, methodological, and psychological theories, as well as teaching practices. The multifactorial, structural, and systemic nature of any educational activity compels researchers to apply comprehensive methods to scientific analysis to study and identify patterns in the educational process.