Abstract
Rare earth materials exhibit unique hydrogen storage properties compared to other materials due to their distinct electron shell structure. Among them, rare earth nanomaterials possess higher specific surface areas, and a greater number of reactive active sites compared to traditional rare earth materials, leading to more stable and superior adsorption processes. Regarding the preparation methods and morphology control of rare earth nanomaterials, this article introduces preparation techniques such as solid-phase, liquid-phase, and vapor-phase methods. It discusses the influencing factors and control strategies of different methods on nanomaterial morphology, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the research progress in different countries and regions. Simultaneously, it summarizes the applications of rare earth nanomaterials in solid-state hydrogen storage, electrochemical hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, catalytic combustion, and other areas. This study examines the relationship between preparation routes, morphological control and hydrogen storage performance, with particular emphasis on rare-earth-based nanomaterials. It highlights the challenges and prospects for their practical application in energy storage. The mechanisms of rare earth hydrogen storage and achieved research results are summarized. Prospects for the development of the rare earth nanomaterials field are also presented.