Abstract
The study explores the carbon potential of ecosystems by examining the functional role of soils and vegetation in regulating the carbon cycle. Particular attention is given to the dynamics of organic carbon accumulation and emission in various ecosystem types, including steppe, meadow, and agricultural landscapes of Northern Kazakhstan. Through the integration of geoinformation technologies, remote sensing data, and laboratory analyses, correlations between vegetation indices (NDVI) and soil organic carbon content were identified. The results highlight that soils serve as the largest carbon reservoir, while vegetation acts as a key mediator in carbon fluxes. The research emphasizes the importance of sustainable land use practices and pasture rotation systems to enhance carbon sequestration and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.